If your mornings feel like the sad montage in a rom-com, maybe what you're missing is a pastry that speaks your language – buttery, flaky, dramatic. From breakfast nuggets showcased in anime to well-laden Hollywood brunch tables, these baked icons are ready for their close-up. Read on for indulgent breakfasts from sweet to savoury.
The wafting smell of baked goods in the morning can be simply irresistible with a cup of coffee and your favourite pastry. Long before the French invented buttery croissants and before the invention of ovens, ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Greeks were having some form of baked pastries. They were prepared over an open fire, baked on hot rocks in the sun, and were a simpler fare, made with flour, fruits, honey, and nuts. It took a while for laminated dough to come into being, and thus were born the flaky and layered pastries, which are enjoyed for breakfast around the world.
Perhaps the most iconic breakfast pastry out there, the croissant is a French baked good. Its predecessor is the Austrian kipferl, which is simpler and smaller than the croissant. As for the croissant, it's made with French laminated pastry, which uses a yeast-rich dough and butter, and if made well, it tends to be slightly elastic when torn from the centre. The dough is repeatedly folded, which yields the signature airiness. It is usually plain but might have a variety of fillings like chocolate, almond cream, ham and cheese, or even fruit cream.
Associated with Naples, but said to be invented by the nuns at the convent of Santa Rosa, in the Amalfi Coast, around 1700, sfogliatella are a Christmas favourite. The OG version has the pastry encasing custard cream and preserved black cherries. It only started gaining traction when a Neapolitan chef somehow got his hands on the recipe and started making these sweet pastries, alongside the usual fare of Neapolitan pizza and pasta. You get them in two types: ‘ricca’ (traditional clam-shaped ones) and ‘frolla’ (round and made with shortcrust pastry). It’s best eaten warm and crisp with a dusting of powdered sugar.
Sundays are for indulgent breakfasts, and the Danish folks know how to start their mornings by enjoying a sweet treat of Danish pastry, also called wienerbrød. Also made with laminated dough like the croissant, this pastry, too, is repeatedly folded and slathered with butter in the process. It comes in a variety of forms and is quite similar to puff pastry. It always has some kind of filling in it, which varies regionally, but the most common are vanilla custard, raspberry, and almond paste. The fillings also vary by season, with fruits a staple of summer and cinnamon a staple of winter.
Associated with the Balkan countries and Turkey, börek is a layered pastry made with yufka – thin sheets of dough filled with ingredients like cheese, meat, or spinach. It likely originated during the Ottoman Empire, possibly even earlier (the earliest recipe dates back to 160 BC), with ties to Byzantine cuisine. Börek comes in many shapes – spirals, rolls, or triangles – and may be baked or fried. Famous varieties include su böreği, gül böreği, and paçanga böreği. Though typically savoury, sweet versions like laz böreği also exist.
A traditional egg custard tart, perfect with a cup of coffee, pastel de nata is slightly sweet and has a taste of cinnamon. It was originally made in Lisbon by the catholics in Santa Maria de Belém, close to the 18th century. What started as a way to use up leftover egg yolks to clean wine stains and starch clothes, evolved into a food experiment. The tarts turned out to be so good that the monks and nuns struck up a deal with a nearby bakery to start selling them commercially. This Portuguese classic is even found beyond the borders of the country, going by different names.
Franzbrötchen is a small, sweet German pastry especially popular in Hamburg and northern Germany. It’s made from a buttery, laminated dough using flour, butter, milk, yeast, and sugar. It usually has a filling of cinnamon and sugar, and sometimes chocolate, pumpkin seeds, or raisins. Its name literally means ‘French bun’, hinting at its French-inspired roots during the Napoleonic era. Another version says a local baker made it first by cooking French bread in butter. It’s often eaten for breakfast with coffee; it’s flaky, rich, and has a caramelised crust thanks to sugar pressed into its shape.
Anpan is a traditional Japanese pastry consisting of soft, pillowy bread filled with anko, a sweet red bean paste made from azuki beans. It was first created in 1875 by Yasubei Kimura, a former samurai who opened a bakery in Tokyo. Inspired by Western bread-making, Kimura adapted it to Japanese tastes by using sweet fillings. Anpan is now a beloved snack and breakfast item in Japan, found in bakeries and convenience stores. Some versions also include chestnut, white bean, or sesame paste.
Whether it's a buttery croissant, a crisp sfogliatella, a warm börek, or a soft, sweet anpan, breakfast pastries reflect the culinary soul of a region – flaky, sweet, savoury, or filled with heritage. They're not just a morning treat; they’re a cultural statement, a bakery's pride, and often serve a bite of history. So next time you're at a café or a corner bakery, skip the toast – and take a little trip around the world, one pastry at a time.