Spring in India means one thing before it means anything else – raw mangoes. Firm, sour, and with an irresistible aroma, the kacha aam arrives before the summer heat sets in and disappears just as fast. Every region has its own set of raw mango recipes, with East India using it in simple dals, something that is shared with the West as well. Then, there are chutneys, mango rice and a special summer drink.
Raw mango dishes are quite precious, given how brief the season for these unripe mangoes is. And yet, they make for delicious mango recipes popular across the nation – whether it's locals making the best of a knock-off from a Nor'wester storm in Bengal, as a Gudi Padwa offering in Maharashtra, or as a relentless wave of green in roadside stalls across North India and the Deccan. What connects every region in the use of raw mangoes is the sourness that goes well with sugar, spices and blander ingredients. Read on for some delicious raw mago recipes.
Also known as aam diye dal in Bengali, this raw mango dish is a spring season speciality in many Bengali homes. Its flavour comes from the use of mustard oil and seeds, red lentils, and sour raw mangoes, with firm flesh.
Red lentils: ½ cup
Raw mango, peeled and cut into small wedges: ½ cup
Mustard oil: 1 tbsp
Mustard seeds: 1 tsp
Dried red chilli: 1
Green chillies: 2
Salt: 2 tsp
Sugar: 3 tbsp
Turmeric: ¼ tsp
Water: about 2 ¾ cups
Prepare the lentils: Wash and drain moong dal. Pressure cook with hot water and open immediately to prevent mushiness. Mash the dal until they are broken.
Tempering: Keep cut mangoes in water to prevent browning. Heat mustard oil in a kadai; temper with dried red chilli, green chillies, and mustard seeds.
Cooking the dal: Add mango wedges and a bit of salt; cover and cook until soft. Add the remaining salt, the mashed dal, turmeric, and sugar. Boil on medium heat for some minutes. Mash some softened mango pieces into the dal to make it extra sour. Boil for some minutes and serve.
A Maharashtrian raw mango dish, made with grated raw mango (ambe) and chana dal, it is a summer favourite when ample raw mangoes are available. It is often made for Gudi Padwa and other spring festivals.
Chana dal (soaked for 4-6 hours): 1 cup
Raw mango (grated): ½
Mustard seeds: ½ tsp
Cumin seeds: ½ tsp
Asafoetida: ¼ tsp
Dried red chillies: 2
Curry leaves: 6
Turmeric: ½ tsp
Sugar: ½ tsp
Salt: to taste
Oil: 1 tbsp
Making the dal: Drain the soaked chana dal completely. Add to a mixer without water and pulse until coarse; do not make a fine paste. Transfer to a bowl; add grated mango, salt, and sugar. Mix well.
Making the dal: Heat oil in a small pan; splutter mustard and cumin seeds. Add asafoetida, dry red chillies, curry leaves, and turmeric. Pour the tempering immediately over the dal-mango mixture and stir. Adjust the seasoning and serve.
This is a sweet, spicy, and tangy raw mango chutney made with jaggery and whole spices. A North Indian kitchen staple during mango season, it’s served alongside dal-roti or parathas. It stays good in the fridge for up to 15 days.
Raw green mangoes (peeled, cut into thin wedges): 500 gm
Oil: 3 tbsp
Asafoetida: ½ tsp
Nigella seeds (kalonji): ½ tsp
Fennel seeds (saunf): 2 tsp
Salt: 2 tsp
Kashmiri red chilli powder: 2 tsp
Water: 1 cup
Crushed jaggery: 1½ cups
Doing the tempering: Heat oil in a pan on medium-high. Add asafoetida, nigella seeds, and fennel seeds and let them crackle for 4-5 seconds.
Cooking the mango: Add mango wedges, salt, and red chilli powder; mix well. Stir in water and cover with a tight lid. Reduce to low heat and cook for 10-12 minutes until mangoes are tender but still have some bite – do not overcook.
Cooking the dish: Add jaggery and stir continuously until it melts. Cover and cook for a further 3-4 minutes. Remove from heat and cool to room temperature. Serve at room temperature or chilled. Store in an airtight jar in the fridge.
A tangy South Indian rice dish, mavinakayi chitranna, is mango rice made with a ground paste of raw mango, coconut, peanuts, and spices. ‘Chitra’ means bright or colourful, ‘anna’ means rice, and mavinakayi means raw mangoes. This dish is commonly made for Ugadi and Ram Navami.
For the rice:
Rice: 1½ cups
Salt: ½ tsp
Oil: ½ tsp
Water: 2½ cups
For the mango paste:
Chopped raw mango (peeled): 1½ cups
Grated fresh coconut: ½ cup
Dried red chillies (deseeded): 3-4
Green chilli: 1
White sesame seeds: 1 tsp
Peanuts: 2 tsp
Jaggery: 1 tsp
For tempering:
Oil: 3 tbsp
Peanuts: 3-4 tbsp
Mustard seeds: 1 tsp
Dried red chillies (halved): 1-2
Curry leaves: 12-15
Asafoetida: a pinch
Turmeric: ¼ tsp
Salt: to taste
Cooking the rice: Soak rice for 20 minutes; pressure cook with water, salt, and oil for 2 whistles. Spread the cooked rice on a tray to cool completely.
Making the paste and spice mix: Without adding water, grind all the mango paste ingredients to a semi-fine paste. In a pan, heat oil and sauté peanuts on low for 2-3 minutes. Push to the sides; add mustard seeds and let them crackle. Add curry leaves and red chillies; sauté until the chillies change colour. Add asafoetida and turmeric.
Making the mango rice: Add the mango-coconut paste and sauté for 3-4 minutes until the mixture thickens and comes together. Season with salt. Fold the cooked masala through the cooled rice and mix.
Aam pana is one of the rare few raw mango recipes when it comes to drinks. Aam panna is made with cooked mango pulp, sugar or jaggery, and spices. A refreshing summer drink, it’s particularly popular in North and West India for preventing heat strokes.
For the syrup (boiled method):
Unripe green mangoes (approx. 400 gm): 2 medium
Water for cooking: 2 cups
Sugar or jaggery powder (use 1:2 ratio of pulp to sweetener): 1½ cups
Cardamom powder: 1 tsp
Roasted cumin powder: 1 tsp
Black salt: 2 tsp
Black pepper: ¼ tsp
To serve (per glass):
Syrup: 2-3 tbsp
Chilled water: 1 glass
Ice cubes: as needed
Mint leaves (for garnish): as needed
Preparing the mangoes: Place whole mangoes in a pressure cooker with 2 cups of water. Cook for 2 whistles on medium; let pressure drop naturally. Peel the softened mangoes – skins separate on their own. Scrape all pulp into a bowl; reserve the cooking water.
Making the drink: Measure the pulp; add exactly double that volume in sugar or jaggery. Add cardamom, cumin, black salt, and black pepper. Add the sugar and stir until fully dissolved. Pour into a glass jar; store in fridge for up to 3 months.
These five raw mango recipes span different states, because this is one ingredient that does something different in every kitchen it enters. The raw mango season in India is short, roughly six to eight weeks, depending on where you are. These dishes are a good reason to use it properly before it's gone.