Balchao prawns are built around sharp vinegar heat, not gravy thickness. This version uses soaked chillies, whole spices, and malt vinegar ground fresh into a paste, then cooked until the oil release signals readiness. Prawns are sautéed separately to prevent overcooking, then briefly folded in so they absorb the masala without becoming rubbery.
Place cleaned prawns in a bowl and sprinkle salt evenly. Toss gently so the seasoning coats without bruising the flesh. Set aside while preparing the masala base. This short rest helps the prawns retain flavour when sautéed quickly later.
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Step 2: Grind masala
Add cinnamon, cloves, cumin seeds, mustard seeds, garlic, ginger, soaked red chillies, and malt vinegar to a grinder. Blend into a smooth, thick paste. The vinegar should loosen the paste without turning it watery. Set aside to allow flavours to settle.
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Step 3: Sauté prawns
Heat oil in a wide non-stick pan over medium heat. Add prawns in a single layer and sauté until they turn light pink. Remove immediately once just cooked. Overcooking at this stage will toughen them during final simmering.
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Step 4: Cook the onion base
In the same pan, add chopped onions to the remaining oil. Cook until translucent with soft edges, not browned or caramelised. This stage builds sweetness that balances the vinegar's sharpness later. Stir regularly to avoid caramelisation.
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Step 5: Add tomato
Add chopped tomato and salt. Cook until the tomato breaks down completely and turns pulpy. The oil should begin to surface lightly. This creates a stable base that prevents the vinegar paste from tasting raw.
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Step 6: Cook the spice paste
Add the ground masala paste to the pan. Cook on medium heat, stirring continuously, until the oil separates clearly from the sides. This step is essential to soften the vinegar’s sharpness and achieve a balanced flavour.
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Step 7: Finish with prawns
Return prawns to the pan along with sugar. Toss gently to coat. Cook briefly so the prawns absorb the masala without releasing water. Turn off the heat once everything is evenly coated and glossy.